Concrete pipe construction



H. E. DILLON.

CONCRETE PIPE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 16. 1919.

1,351,895. PatentedSept. 7,1920.

Ham

Niki??? UNITED STATES,

PATENT OFFICE.

HARRY EDGAR DILLON, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA;

CONCRETE PIPE CONSTRUCTION.

following is a specification,reference being had to the accompanying drawing.

The principal purpose and effect of my in vention is to join primarily separate elements of concrete or similar compositions, in monolithic relation, so as to permit such elements to be precast or molded remote from the region in which they are to be assembled, and facilitate their assemblage, by ordinary tools, and unskilled labor, in such relation that the joints between them may be rendered permanently fluid tight.

My invention may be advantageously employed in the production of water mains and sewers, but it may be embodied in other structures, regardless of whether the elements thereof are cylindrically or otherwise curved, or flat.

My invention includes the various novel features of construction and arrangement hereinafter more definitely specified.-

In the drawing; Figure I is a fragmen tary perspective view of a cylindrical reinforced concrete conduit embodying my invention.

Fig. II is a fragmentary perspective view of a reinforced concrete conduit of U-shaped cross section, embodying my invention.

Fig. III is a fragmentary perspective view of a flat composition slab, such as is employed in the formation of the upper wall of the conduit shown in Fig. II.

Fig. IV is a fragmentary plan view of a structure embodying my invention, at a joint between complementary primarily separate elements thereof.

Fig. V is a fragmentary sectional view of the complete joint contemplated in Fig. IV.

Fig. VI-is a fragmentary perspective view showing means for connecting, in accordance with my invention, a cradle and a saddle such as shown in Fig. I, and the conduit and its cover slab shown in Fig. II.

Fig. VII is a fragmentary perspective view of one of the interlocking wedge hoops such as may be employed in each of the two joints of the conduits shown in Fig. I.

Fig. VIII is a fragmentary perspective Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. '7, 1920.

Application filed June 16, 1919. Serial No. 304,418.

view of one of tne interlocking wedge bars shown in Fig. II.

Referring to Fig. I: The similar precast reinforced cylindrical tubular concrete sections 1, 1 have each of their opposite ends tapered, preferably in concavely curved form, as indicated at 2 in Fig. V; so that when abutted, as indicated int-he latter figure, they form a circumferential channel for the receptacle of a plastic material, such as concrete or similar composition 3, sealing the oint between them.

Each of saidconduit sections 1 is pro vided at its ends with means to interlock with the adjoining sections; such means being, preferably, metallic rods 5, which not only have their ends 6 outwardly turned beyond the ends of the plastic composition of said section, but said rods are preferably extended longitudinally through the entire length of the section from which they project, so as to reinforce the plastic material '1 n 'h'ich they are embedded. Of course, lu. sections .1 may be additionally reinforced by expanded metal or other foraminous material, either exterior to said rods 5, as indicated at 7 in Fig. V, or within. the circular series of said rods as indicated at 8 in said figure.

As best shown in Fi are inclined outwardl nithe sections 1 in which they are resper ely embedded, so that when said ends are overlapped, they form between them an inwardly converging seat for an interlocking wedge bar 9, which 'is preferably wedge shaped in cross section,

with its thinner edge presented inwardly, as shown in F ig. V. As shown in Fig. VII, said bar 9 may be a circular hoop having hooked ends 11, so that it may be drawn around the joint, and locked in the seat between said rod ends (5, and thus exert sullicient tensile strain upon said rods 5, to draw said conduit sections 1, 1 together, in rig d relation. I prefer to embrace each pair of rod ends (5 with a primarily loose coupling link 10, to stiffen the joint aforesaid.

Moreover, I find it convenient to protect and reinforce each joint between the conduit sections 1, by a bonding element, which may be precast as a single annular piece 12, as indicated in Figs. I and V, or may be precast in complementary parts as indicated at 18 and 1% in Fig. I. The part 13 forms a cradle, which rests upon the ground 15 and upholds the conduit section 1 therefrom, as lndlcated, and the part 14: 1s a saddle which, when interlocked with said cradle, as

not to interfere with the manipulation of the wedging elements aforesaid. However, when said lnterlocklng wedge bar has been inserted, as indicated in Fig. V, said bonding ring 12 may be slipped longitudinally ments 13 and 14: shown in Fig. I.

upon the conduit section 1 until it is located centrally over the joint, as shownin Fig. V. Thereupon, liquid concrete, or other suitable sealing composition 3, be

poured through the inlet openings 16 in said ring-12, into the concavely curved channel 18, which has been precast in. saidring, and which is complementary tothe circuinferential channel formed by the concavely curved ends'2 of said sections 1. Such sealingmeans, flowing entirely around the conduit sections 1 and filling the interstices between said sections and said ring unites them in monolithic relation and renders the joint aforesaid fluid tight.

In the form of my invention shown in Fig. 11; the conduit is formed of sections which are not only primarily separate longitudinally; but each of said sections is formed of two parts which are primarily separate transversely. The lower part 20 of said conduit is J-shaped in cross section and the upper part 21 is a llat slab or series of slabs. Said. conduit member 20 may have reinforcing rod 23 with outwardly turned ends 2 1, like the rods 5 above described, and said conduit member 21 may have similar reinforcing rods 26 with outwardly turned ends 27, said rod'ends 2 1 and 27'being adapted to overlap in their projection from abutting sections a conduit and to be interlocked by suitable wedge bars, substantially as above described. However, 1 find it dosirable to further reinforce the slab with cross bars 28. having hook ends 29 adapted to pro ect in longitudinal channels 31 in the plastlc portion of the conduit section 20 in which they-may be cemented. by liquid concrete or other suitable plastic material poured through the inlets 32 Wl'llCl' extend through sa1d slabs 21 in'registry with said channels 311 Moreover. said hook ends 28 may inter-lock with metallic loop or eye bars 34, embedded-in the opposed element of the conduit, as indicated in Fig. VI.

It is to be'understood that the connecting means shown in Fig. VI, may be employed to interlock, 1n monolithic relation, the pri- Furthermore, I may provide interlocking wedge bars 36, for adjoining slabs 21, each of said bars having projecting ends 87, as shown in Figs. 11 and VIII, which are fitted to be embedded in said channels 31 when in the wedging position shown in Although it is unnecessary, I find that it facilitates the assembling of the metallic rods 5 to encircle them with annular bands 39, disposed at intervals throughout the length of the conduit section 1 in which said rods are embedded and each conveniently formed of a cylindrical rod flattened at its ends, or a strip of sheet metal, having its ends connected by an ordinary nail 4t!) thrust through registered openings therein and bent. Although said bands may be con nected to said rods by wire ties twisted around the bands where the rods cross them; I prefer to provide said bands with recesses tl, conveniently by bending said bands, so that said rods may be engaged therewith in uniform spaced relation, without tying them with wire as above contemplated. Moreover, theoperation of assemblin the rods 26 i and cross bars 28, in the relation shown in Fig. H1, is facilitated by bending them as indicated at 15 and 46 so that they interlock in the desired relation. Of course, such interlocking of the metallic reinforcements. of the conduits above described not only facilitates the operation of assembling them but materially increases their resistance to the strains to which the conduits are subjected. I

I do not desire to limit myself to the precise details of construction and arrangement herein set forth,as it is obvious that various modifications may be made therein without departing from the essential features of my invention, as defined in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. The combination with a tubular member adapted to form a unit section of a pipe, formed of a non-metallic composit on and having its opposite ends tapered to less diameter than its body; of longitudinal reinforcing means including members embedded in said body and projecting outwardly at the ends thereof in obliquely transverse relation to the axis of said body, but terminating within the perimeter .of said body; another similar tubular section having one end abutting one end of said first'section; the projecting'ends of the reinforcing members of the respective sections laterally overlapping in the direction of the length of the structure and forming wedge seats between them; metallic coupling links, each encircling adjoining ends of said reinforcing members of the respective tubular sections, a wedge member, including a bar of wedge ti a ends of said sections, and having inlet openings tl1rough"it,'in registry with said channel, to receive liquid sealing means to fill. said channel; said bonding element including two parts which are primarily separate transversely with respect to the axis of said structure; a reinforcing device for said bonding element, including a bar in one part thereof lnving its ends projecting substantially parallel witlrthe axis of said structure in recesses in the other part of said bonding element, in engagement with reinforcing eye bars inthe latter; and sealing means poured into said channel through said inlets and uniting and retaining the elements of said structurein monolithic re lationj 2. The combination with a member adapt ed to form a unit section of a pipe, and having an end tapered to less area than its body; of reinforcing members embedded in said body and projecting outwardly at the ends thereof in obliquely transverse relation to the axis of said body; another similar section having its tapered end abutting the tapered end of said first section; the projecting ends of the reinforcing members of the respective sections overlapping in the direction of the length of the structure and forming wedge seats between them; metallic coupling links, each encircling adjoining ends of said reinforcing members of the respective tubular sections; a wedge member, including a bar of wedge shaped cross section, having its thin edge extending inwardly between said overlapped ends and exerting tensile strain upon said reinforcing members to hold said tubular sec tions together; the tapered ends of said sections forming a channel in which the ends of said reinforcing members extend; a bonding element, adapted to cover the joint between said sections, having an internal channel complementary to the channel formed by the abutting ends of said sections, and having an inlet opening adapted to receive sealing means to fill said channel;

and sealing means extending into said channel through said inlet and uniting and re taining the elements of said structure in monolithic relation.

3. The combination with a member adapt ed to form a unit section of a pipe, and having an end tapered to less area than its body; of reinforcing-members embedded in said body and projecting outwardly at the ends thereof in obliquely transverse relation to the axis of said body; another similar section having its tapered end abutting the tapered end of-said first section; the projecting ends of the reinforcing members of the respective sections overlapping in the direction of the length of the structure; a wedge member, including a bar of wedge shaped cross section, having its thin edge extending inwardly between said overlapped ends and exerting tensile strain upon said reinforcing members to hold said tubular sections together; the tapered ends of. said sections forming a channel in which the ends of said reinforcing members extend; a bonding element, adapted to cover the joint between said sections, having an internal channel complementary to the channel formed by the abutting ends of said sections, and having an inlet opening adapted to receive sealing means to fill said channel: and sealing means extending into said channel through said inlet and uniting and retaining the elements of said structure in monolithic relation.

4. The combination with a tubular member adaptedto form a unit section of a pipe, formed of a non-nietallic composition and having its opposite ends tapered to less diameter than its body; of reinforcing mem bers embedded in said body and projecting outwardly at the ends thereof in transverse relation to the axis of said body; another tubular section having one end abutting one end of said first section; the projecting ends of the reinforcing members of the respective sections overlapping in the direction of the length of the structure and forming wedge seats between them; metallic coupling links, each encircling adjoining ends of said reinforcing members of the respective tubular sections; a wedge member, including a bar of wedge shaped cross section, having its thin edge extending inwardly between said overlapped ends, and forming a hoop substantially concentric with the axis of said structure; said wedge bar exerting tensile strain upon said reinforcing mem' bers to hold said tubular sections together, and the tapered ends of said sections form ing a circumferential channel in which the coupled ends of said reinforcing members extend; and sealing means in said channel, forming a liquid tight joint between said sections.

5. The combination with a tubular mem-- ber adapted to form a unit section of a pipe, formed of a non-metallic composition and having its opposite ends tapered to less diameter than its body; of reinforcing members embedded in said body and projecting 35 edge outwardly at the ends thereof in transverse relation to the axis of said body; another tubular section having one endabutting one end of said first section; the projecting ends of the reinforcing members of the respective sections overlapping in the direction of the length of the structure; a wedge member,including a bar of wedge shaped cross section, having its thin edge extending inwardly between said overlapped ends, and forming a hoop substantially concentric with the axis of said structure; said wedge 'bar exerting tensile strain upon said reinforcingmembers to hold said tubular sections together, and the tapered ends ofsaid sections forming a circumferential channel in which the coupled ends of said reinforc ing members extend; and sealing means in said channel, forming a liquid tight jointv between said sections;

6.- The combination with a hollow body having one end tapered; of members projecting outwardly at said end thereof in transverse relation to the axis of said body;

another such hollow body having similar Vmembers; the projecting ends of said members of the respective bodies overlapping in thedirection of the length of the structure and forming wedge seats between them, and

said tapered ends forming a channel; me-

tallic coupling links, each encircling adjoining, ends of said members of the respective bodies; a wedge member, including a bar of wedge shaped cross section, having its thin extending inwardly between said overlapped ends, and forming a hoop substantially concentric with the axis of said structure; said wedge bar exerting tensile strain upon said members to hold said bodies 40 to ether, and sealing means in said chaniie embedding the interlocked portions of ,saidmembers and forming a liquid tight joint between said bodies.

Y, The, combination with a nonmetallio body; of reinforcing members embedded in said body and projecting outwardly at the end thereof; another similar body; the projecting ends of the reinforcing members of the respective bodies overlapping in the direction of the length of the structure and forming wedge seats between them; metallic coupling links, each encircling adjoining ends of said reinforcing members of'the respective bodies; a wedge member, including a bar of wedge shaped cross section, having its thin edge extending inwardly between said overlapped ends; said'wedge bar exerting tensile strain upon said reinforcing members to hold said bodies together; and sealing means forming a liquid tight joint between said bodies.

8. An article of manufacture, adapted for connecting adjoining sections of a pipe, including an annular hoop of wedge shaped cross section having its thin edge extending inwardly; said hoop being formed of a flexible metallic bar having coupling means at its ends rendering said loop capable of sohincteral adjustment.

9. An article of manufacture, adapted for connecting adjoining sections of a pipe, in cluding an annular hoop of wedge-shaped cross section having respectively thick and thin edges upon radially opposite sides and having its thin edge extending inwardly toward its axis.

10. The combination with two bodies each having a circular series of hooks overlapping the hooks in the other body; of means adapted for drawing saidbodies together, including an annular hoop of wedge shaped cross section having respectively thick and thin edges upon radially opposite sides and having its thin edge extending inwardly toward its axis between said overlapped hooks, and means at the ends of said hoop constructed and arranged to constrict it.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, this fourteenth day of June, 1919.

HARRY EDGAR DILLON Witnesses:

ARTHUR E. PAIGE, I JOHN Bnoons SCHOFIELD, 

